Universal Test Machines

A Universal Testing Machine is a mechanical testing apparatus that is used to test the strength and mechanical properties of materials. It is a versatile testing instrument that can perform a wide range of tests, including tension, compression, bending, and shear tests. Single column and double column universal test machines are commonly used in materials testing to measure the mechanical properties of various materials such as metals, plastics, ceramics, and composites. Single column type machine has a single vertical column that supports the load frame and crosshead, while double column type machine has two vertical columns that provide additional support and stability for the load frame and crosshead. The load frame is the main component of the universal test machine and is responsible for applying the force or load to the test specimen. The crosshead is attached to the load frame and moves vertically to apply the force to the specimen. The test specimen is held in place by grips or fixtures that are attached to the load cell, which measures the amount of force being applied.